Mental Capacity Assessment Process

To determine whether an individual has the mental capacity to make a unique decision, a structured and legally recognised assessment process must be followed. This process must be appropriately documented, using two official forms: the MCA1 and MCA2 forms.

Who Conducts the Assessment?

An independent and qualified healthcare professional must conduct the assessment. If you have concerns about someone's ability to make decisions, especially about their well-being, the first step is to establish whether they can decide independently. As a care worker or support professional, you may be involved in this process and should understand how it works.

The Principles of the Mental Capacity Assessment

The assessment focuses on the person’s ability to decide at a particular time, with the assumption that the person does have capacity. This assumption is a core principle of the Mental Capacity Act.

Key Considerations During the Assessment

During the assessment, the professional will consider whether the person can:

• Understand what decision needs to be made and why
• Understand the potential consequences of making or not making the decision
• Weigh up the relevant information involved
• Communicate their decision, whether by speaking, writing, using sign language, or other methods

If communication is difficult, a professional such as a speech or language therapist may assist. If the initial assessment raises concerns, the person may need a more detailed evaluation by a doctor or specialist.

The MCA1 and MCA2 Forms

There are two main forms used in the Mental Capacity Assessment process:

• MCA1: Used for everyday, day-to-day decisions, such as daily care preferences.
• MCA2: Used for significant or complex decisions, such as decisions involving serious medical treatment, changes in accommodation, or financial matters.

These forms are used to record the outcome of the assessment and provide clear documentation that the process has been followed in line with the Mental Capacity Act.

Practical Examples

Examples of these forms have been uploaded to your course dashboard, where you can view how they are structured and completed in practice.